Evaluating Earthquake Management Strategies in Morocco's Al Haouz Province: A Multi Criteria Decision Making Approach

Rigorous Evaluation of Earthquake Management Strategies in Morocco's Al Haouz Province through Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Framework

Abstract:

This study explores the implementation of multi-criteria decision-making methodologies, particularly Analytic Hierarchy Process AHP, to address seismic challenges in Morocco, specifically in the Al Haouz province post recent earthquakes. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted for ten distinct earthquake management strategies: building codes and construction standards A1; early warning systems A2; public education and awareness programs A3; land use planning A4; emergency response plans A5; international cooperation efforts A6; research and monitoring activities A7; infrastructure resilience enhancement A8; community preparedness measures A9; and insurance and financial readiness strategies A10. This paper ranks these strategies agnst a set of established criteria such as risk reduction effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, social equity considerations, adaptability and flexibility, environmental impact assessment, regulatory compliance, data utilization, and inter-agency coordination. The analysis highlights the critical role of early warning systems in earthquake management and underscores the importance of timely alerts, community engagement, financial preparedness, and comprehensive risk reduction strategies utilizing a data-driven approach.

Key Words: Al Haouz Province, Analytic Hierarchy Process AHP, Earthquake Management Strategies, Morocco, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making

Introduction:

The global distribution of earthquakes highlights their vulnerability as a significant threat to societal infrastructure and development across diverse regions. In particular, Morocco experiences seismic activity within the African Plate's seismogenic zone, which poses significant risks for its Al Haouz province due to its unique geological characteristics. This study employs multi-criteria decision-making methodologies, with a focus on Analytic Hierarchy Process AHP, to systematically evaluate and prioritize earthquake management strategies in this region post-recognition of earthquakes.

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The evaluation focuses on the Al Haouz province, encompassing relevant criteria such as effectiveness in risk reduction C1, cost-efficiency C2, social equity considerations C3, adaptability and flexibility C4, environmental impact assessment C5, regulatory compliance C6 data utilization C7, inter-agency coordination C8. A structured approach using the Analytic Hierarchy Process is implemented, which includes defining criteria weights through prwise comparisons among strategies. The strategy's performance is analyzed agnst these criteria to rank each management strategy effectively.

Results:

The study reveals that early warning systems A2 stand out as paramount in earthquake management due to their ability to provide timely alerts and enable effective community response. Strategies such as land use planning A4, public education programs A3, insurance readiness measures A10, infrastructure resilience enhancement A8, and emergency response plans A5 also receive high scores for their significance in mitigating seismic risks.

Discussion:

Revisiting earthquake management strategies necessitates a nuanced understanding of each strategy's role in reducing seismic vulnerability. The study underscores the importance of prioritizing early warning systems and highlighting the need for comprehensive risk reduction measures that include public awareness, regulatory compliance, financial readiness, and collaborative inter-agency efforts.

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The AHP framework was instrumental in offering a systematic approach to prioritize earthquake management strategies based on their performance agnst established criteria. This methodological approach not only elucidates the critical role of early warning systems but also emphasizes the importance of community engagement, regulatory compliance, data utilization, and strategic international cooperation for seismic risk mitigation.

Author Contributions:

Contributions from all authors are acknowledged in the development and execution of this study including design, data analysis, manuscript preparation, and final approval.

Data Avlability Statement:

The dataset used during the current study is included or referenced within the published article, providing a comprehensive resource for further research and application.

Acknowledgements:

We thank specific individuals or organizations for their contributions towards conducting the study.

Conflict of Interest:

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest related to this work.

Rights and Permissions Statement:

This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY 4.0.

Article Structure Overview:

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