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THE EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PLANS IN CHINA: GUIDING DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION THROUGH STRATEGIC PLANNING
The rapid economic expansion and urbanization in China are exacerbating the nation's disaster challenges. The strategic plans for disaster risk reduction DRR have played a pivotal role in guiding China’s efforts towards mitigating disasters. A key takeaway from our knowledge note, Learning from Experience: Insights from China's Progress in Disaster Risk Management, underscores this connection between China's DRR plans and its disaster management practices.
By Professor Wei Xu, Ms. Yu Qiao, and Professor Jidong Wu Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University
Since the inception in 1989 under an inter-ministerial coordination mechanism based at the State Council of China now housed within the Ministry of Emergency Management, the National Disaster Reduction Committee has been instrumental in drafting key national DRR policies and plans. This committee was originally part of the Ministry of Civil Affrs until March 2018.
Over the past three decades, this committee has spearheaded the development and implementation of comprehensive national disaster risk reduction strategies through several plans:
The Disaster Risk Reduction Plan for the People's Republic of China 1998–2010
The National Comprehensive Disaster Reduction 11th Five-Year Plan 2007–2010
The National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan during the 12th Five-Year Period 2011–2015
Currently, preparations are underway for the National Comprehensive Disaster Reduction Strategy for the upcoming 14th Five-Year Plan period.
These strategic plans have been instrumental in guiding China's DRR practices through appropriate planning frameworks. In alignment with the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 and the S Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, these plans underline China's commitment to integrating DRR into sustnable development efforts.
Persisting in prioritizing prevention while combining it with relief, constantly integrating disaster reduction measures alongside continuous disaster management activities. The goal is to shift from post-disaster response to pre-disaster preparation and adaptability strategies, from addressing individual disasters to a coordinated approach agnst multiple risks, and from damage reduction to risk mitigation.
The Chinese government's commitment to these principles has been consistent over the years:
From reactive responses to proactive DRR: China's plans have transformed its comprehensive disaster management from a reactive stance towards a proactive approach, emphasizing preventive measures alongside relief efforts.
Focus on reducing mortality rates and economic losses: Since 1991, China’s strategies have med at lowering mortality rates below one-third per million people and limiting annual economic loss to less than 1.5 of Gross Domestic Product GDP.
Alignment with the S Framework: This is in line with the global objectives by the S Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, which encourages strengthening disaster preparedness capabilities and implementing recovery strategies that promote resilience.
By integrating DRR into its sustnable development aga through these strategic plans, China has positioned itself as a proactive participant in international cooperation on disaster risk reduction efforts.
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This article is reproduced from: https://www.gfdrr.org/en/feature-story/evolution-national-disaster-risk-reduction-plans-china
Please indicate when reprinting from: https://www.o062.com/Seismological_Bureau/China_Disaster_Risk_Reduction_Strategy_Evolution.html
Chinas National Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies Hyogo Framework for Action Integration Sendai Framework Compliance Preemptive vs Reactive DRR Economic Loss Limitation Initiatives Sustainable Development and DRR